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2.
Emergencias (Sant Vicenç dels Horts) ; 32(3): 185-187, jun. 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-189731

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: La suspensión líquida de carbón activado (CA) contiene como excipiente 600 mg/mL de sacarosa. Se eva¬lúa el impacto glucémico de la administración de CA en pacientes con intoxicación medicamentosa aguda (IMA). MÉTODO: Se identificaron pacientes con IMA y determinación de la glucemia antes y después de haber recibido CA. Se compararon estos cambios de glucemia con los generados por el desayuno en un grupo control de no intoxicados. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 55 IMA. En el 82% de los casos la glucemia aumentó tras administrar CA. La media de las glucemias previas al carbón fue de 98,2 mg/dL y a la hora posterior de 124,2 mg/dL (p < 0,001). El cambio glucémico no condicionó eventos clínicos adversos. En el grupo control (n = 23) la glucemia aumentó en el 82,6% de los casos. La media de las glucemias antes del desayuno fue de 117,1 mg/dL y la posterior de 152,0 mg/dL (p < 0,001). CONCLUSIÓN: La administración de CA induce un aumento estadísticamente significativo de la glucemia, pero sin rele¬vancia clínica y equiparable al producido por un desayuno


OBJECTIVE: Activated charcoal in suspension contains 600 mg/mL of sucrose. We aimed to assess the impact of an activated charcoal suspension on blood glucose levels in patients with acute medication poisoning. METHODS: We identified drug patients whose blood glucose levels were measured before and after administration of activated charcoal to treat poisoning. The impact on blood glucose level was compared to changes after breakfast in a control group not receiving treatment for poisoning. RESULTS: Fifty-five poisoned patients were included. Eighty-two percent had higher blood glucose levels after activated charcoal administration. The mean glucose levels before and 1 hour after treatment were 98.2 mg/dL and 124.2 mg/dL, respectively (P<.001). The increase did not translate to adverse clinical events. Glucose levels increased in 82.6% of the 23 patients in the control group. Mean glucose levels before breakfast and 1 hour later were 117.1 mg/dL and 152.0 mg/dL (P<.001). CONCLUSION: Activated charcoal induces an increase in blood glucose level that is statistically but not clinically significant. The increase is comparable to the increase after breakfast


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Índice Glicêmico/efeitos dos fármacos , Carvão Vegetal/toxicidade , Intoxicação/diagnóstico , Intoxicação/tratamento farmacológico , Carvão Vegetal/metabolismo , Carvão Vegetal/administração & dosagem , Sacarose/administração & dosagem , Serviços Médicos de Emergência
4.
Emergencias ; 32(3): 185-187, 2020 06.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32395926

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Activated charcoal in suspension contains 600 mg/mL of sucrose. We aimed to assess the impact of an activated charcoal suspension on blood glucose levels in patients with acute medication poisoning. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We identified drug patients whose blood glucose levels were measured before and after administration of activated charcoal to treat poisoning. The impact on blood glucose level was compared to changes after breakfast in a control group not receiving treatment for poisoning. RESULTS: Fifty-five poisoned patients were included. Eighty-two percent had higher blood glucose levels after activated charcoal administration. The mean glucose levels before and 1 hour after treatment were 98.2 mg/dL and 124.2 mg/dL, respectively (P<.001). The increase did not translate to adverse clinical events. Glucose levels increased in 82.6% of the 23 patients in the control group. Mean glucose levels before breakfast and 1 hour later were 117.1 mg/dL and 152.0 mg/dL (P<.001). CONCLUSION: Activated charcoal induces an increase in blood glucose level that is statistically but not clinically significant. The increase is comparable to the increase after breakfast.


OBJETIVO: La suspensión líquida de carbón activado (CA) contiene como excipiente 600 mg/mL de sacarosa. Se evalúa el impacto glucémico de la administración de CA en pacientes con intoxicación medicamentosa aguda (IMA). METODO: Se identificaron pacientes con IMA y determinación de la glucemia antes y después de haber recibido CA. Se compararon estos cambios de glucemia con los generados por el desayuno en un grupo control de no intoxicados. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 55 IMA. En el 82% de los casos la glucemia aumentó tras administrar CA. La media de las glucemias previas al carbón fue de 98,2 mg/dL y a la hora posterior de 124,2 mg/dL (p < 0,001). El cambio glucémico no condicionó eventos clínicos adversos. En el grupo control (n = 23) la glucemia aumentó en el 82,6% de los casos. La media de las glucemias antes del desayuno fue de 117,1 mg/dL y la posterior de 152,0 mg/dL (p < 0,001). CONCLUSIONES: La administración de CA induce un aumento estadísticamente significativo de la glucemia, pero sin relevancia clínica y equiparable al producido por un desayuno.


Assuntos
Glicemia , Carvão Vegetal , Overdose de Drogas/terapia , Carvão Vegetal/uso terapêutico , Humanos
6.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 92(1): 37-45, ene. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-186816

RESUMO

Objetivo: Describir las características de los pacientes pediátricos con sospecha de intoxicación atendidos por unidades de soporte vital avanzado (SVA) y evaluar los indicadores de calidad (IC) para la atención urgente prehospitalaria de estos pacientes. Método: Estudio observacional de los pacientes menores de 18 años con exposición a tóxicos, que fueron atendidos por una unidad de SVA del Sistema de Emergencias Médicas en Cataluña, durante un año. Se definieron criterios de clínica grave. Se evaluaron 8 IC para la atención urgente prehospitalaria de los pacientes pediátricos intoxicados. Resultados: Se incluyó a 254 pacientes. La edad mediana fue de 14 años (p25-75 = 7-16), con exposición intencionada en el 50,8% de los casos. El tóxico más frecuentemente implicado fue el monóxido de carbono (CO) (33,8%). Presentó clínica de toxicidad el 48,8%, siendo grave en el 16,5%. La intencionalidad (OR 5,1; intervalo de confianza del 95%: 1,9-13,8) y el desconocimiento del tiempo transcurrido desde el contacto (OR 3,1; intervalo de confianza del 95%: 1,3-7,3) fueron factores de riesgo independientes asociados a clínica grave. Cinco IC no alcanzaron el estándar de calidad: disponibilidad de guías de actuación específicas, administración de carbón activado en pacientes seleccionados, aplicación de oxigenoterapia a la máxima concentración posible en intoxicación por CO, valoración electrocardiográfica en pacientes expuestos a sustancias cardiotóxicas y registro del conjunto mínimo de datos. Conclusiones: Los pacientes pediátricos expuestos a tóxicos y atendidos por unidades SVA presentan características propias. Destacan la implicación del CO y de los adolescentes con intoxicaciones voluntarias. La evaluación de los IC ha sido útil para detectar puntos débiles en la calidad asistencial de estos pacientes y desarrollar estrategias de mejora


Objective: To describe the characteristics of paediatric patients with suspected poisoning treated by advanced life support (ALS) units, and to evaluate quality indicators (QI) for the prehospital emergency care of these patients. Method: A one-year observational study of patients under 18 years of age exposed to poisoning and treated by an ALS unit of the Medical Emergency System in Catalonia. Severe clinical criteria were defined, with 8 QI being evaluated for prehospital emergency care of poisoned paediatric patients. Results: The study included a total of 254 patients, with a median age of 14 years-old (p25-75 = 7-16), with intentional poisoning in 50.8% of cases. The most frequently involved toxic agent was carbon monoxide (CO) (33.8%). Poisoning was found in 48.8% of those patients, being serious in 16.5%. Intentionally (OR 5.1; 95% CI: 1.9-13.8) and knowledge of the time of exposure (OD 3.1; 95% CI: 1.3-7.3) were independent risk factors associated with the appearance of severe clinical symptoms. Five QI did not reach the quality standard and included, availability of specific clinical guidelines, activated charcoal administration in selected patients, oxygen therapy administration at maximum possible concentration in carbon monoxide poisoning, electrocardiographic assessment in patients exposed to cardiotoxic substances, and recording of the minimum data set. Conclusions: Paediatric patients attended by ALS units showed specific characteristics, highlighting the involvement of CO and adolescents with voluntary poisoning. The QI assessment was useful to detect weak points in the quality of care of these patients and to develop strategies for improvement


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Intoxicação/epidemiologia , 35509 , Intervalos de Confiança , Fatores de Risco , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , Epidemiologia Descritiva
7.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 92(1): 37-45, 2020 Jan.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31129026

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of paediatric patients with suspected poisoning treated by advanced life support (ALS) units, and to evaluate quality indicators (QI) for the prehospital emergency care of these patients. METHOD: A one-year observational study of patients under 18 years of age exposed to poisoning and treated by an ALS unit of the Medical Emergency System in Catalonia. Severe clinical criteria were defined, with 8 QI being evaluated for prehospital emergency care of poisoned paediatric patients. RESULTS: The study included a total of 254 patients, with a median age of 14 years-old (p25-75 = 7-16), with intentional poisoning in 50.8% of cases. The most frequently involved toxic agent was carbon monoxide (CO) (33.8%). Poisoning was found in 48.8% of those patients, being serious in 16.5%. Intentionally (OR 5.1; 95% CI: 1.9-13.8) and knowledge of the time of exposure (OD 3.1; 95% CI: 1.3-7.3) were independent risk factors associated with the appearance of severe clinical symptoms. Five QI did not reach the quality standard and included, availability of specific clinical guidelines, activated charcoal administration in selected patients, oxygen therapy administration at maximum possible concentration in carbon monoxide poisoning, electrocardiographic assessment in patients exposed to cardiotoxic substances, and recording of the minimum data set. CONCLUSIONS: Paediatric patients attended by ALS units showed specific characteristics, highlighting the involvement of CO and adolescents with voluntary poisoning. The QI assessment was useful to detect weak points in the quality of care of these patients and to develop strategies for improvement.


Assuntos
Serviços Médicos de Emergência/normas , Intoxicação/terapia , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , Adolescente , Antídotos/uso terapêutico , Intoxicação por Monóxido de Carbono/epidemiologia , Intoxicação por Monóxido de Carbono/terapia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Intervalos de Confiança , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/métodos , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Razão de Chances , Intoxicação/epidemiologia , Uso Indevido de Medicamentos sob Prescrição/efeitos adversos , Uso Indevido de Medicamentos sob Prescrição/estatística & dados numéricos , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Espanha/epidemiologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/estatística & dados numéricos
8.
Emergencias ; 31(5): 304-310, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31625301

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To describe health care quality indicators in cases of carbon monoxide (CO) exposure attended by prehospital services and to explore factors associated with the use of pulse CO-oximetry (SpCO) for the noninvasive estimation of CO saturation of arterial blood. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cohort study of patients exposed to CO and transported by advanced life support units of the Emergency Medical Services of Catalonia between January 2015 and December 2017. We selected 11 applicable quality indicators and used multivariate analysis to explore factors associated with the recording of SpCO. RESULTS: We studied 1676 cases of CO exposure. SpCO was recorded in 1108 cases (66.1%). CO saturation exceeded 10% in 358 patients (32.3%). Adherence was deficient in 5 of the 11 applicable quality indicators. Multivariate analysis showed less use of pulse CO-oximetry when another toxic exposure was present (odds ratio [OR], 0.34; 95% CI, 0.11- 1.00) and when the first responder was from the advanced life support service (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.31-0.59). SpCO was used more in the presence of a history of mental health problems (OR, 3.01; 95% CI,1.27-7.17), headache (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.2-3.72), and along with use of oxygen therapy (OR, 10.33; 95% CI, 5.46-19.53). CONCLUSION: Prehospital attendance of episodes of CO exposure is marked by failure to comply with some health care quality indicators. We detected factors associated with under use of SpCO as well as areas to target for improvement.


OBJETIVO: Investigar la calidad asistencial en los episodios de exposición a monóxido de carbono (CO) asistidos por unidades prehospitalarias mediante indicadores de calidad (IC) y las variables relacionadas con el uso del pulsicooxímetro para medir de forma incruenta el porcentaje de saturación de la hemoglobina con CO (SpCO). METODO: . Estudio de cohorte de los episodios de exposición a CO atendidos por las unidades de soporte vital avanzado (SVA) del Sistema de Emergencias Médicas de Cataluña. Se seleccionaron 11 IC y se diseñó un análisis multivariante para investigar las variables relacionadas con el uso del pulsicooxímetro. RESULTADOS: Se recogieron 1.676 episodios de exposición a CO. En 1.108 (66,1%) se registró la SpCO con pulsicooxímetro, siendo SpCO > 10% en 358 (32,3%). De los 11 IC, cinco no alcanzaron el estándar recomendado. El análisis multivariante mostró un menor uso del pulsicooxímetro cuando había asociación con otro tóxico, OR 0,34 (IC 95% 0,11-1,00) y cuando la primera asistencia era realizada por SVA médico, OR 0,43 (IC 95% 0,31-0,59). Hubo mayor uso del pulsicooxímetro ante la presencia de antecedentes psiquiátricos OR 3,01 (IC 95% 1,27-7,17), la cefalea OR 2,13 (IC 95% 1,22-3,72) y el uso de oxigenoterapia OR 10,33 (5,46-19,53). CONCLUSIONES: En la asistencia prehospitalaria de los episodios de exposición al CO existe una falta de cumplimiento de algunos IC. Hay variables relacionadas con la infrautilización del pulsicooxímetro, con puntos de mejora.


Assuntos
Intoxicação por Monóxido de Carbono/diagnóstico , Carboxihemoglobina/análise , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/normas , Oximetria/estatística & dados numéricos , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Intoxicação por Monóxido de Carbono/sangue , Intoxicação por Monóxido de Carbono/epidemiologia , Intoxicação por Monóxido de Carbono/terapia , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Razão de Chances , Oximetria/normas , Espanha/epidemiologia , Avaliação de Sintomas/métodos
9.
Emergencias (Sant Vicenç dels Horts) ; 31(5): 304-310, oct. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-184119

RESUMO

Objetivo. Investigar la calidad asistencial en los episodios de exposición a monóxido de carbono (CO) asistidos por unidades prehospitalarias mediante indicadores de calidad (IC) y las variables relacionadas con el uso del pulsicooxímetro para medir de forma incruenta el porcentaje de saturación de la hemoglobina con CO (SpCO). Método. Estudio de cohorte de los episodios de exposición a CO atendidos por las unidades de soporte vital avanza-do (SVA) del Sistema de Emergencias Médicas de Cataluña. Se seleccionaron 11 IC y se diseñó un análisis multivariante para investigar las variables relacionadas con el uso del pulsicooxímetro.Resultados. Se recogieron 1.676 episodios de exposición a CO. En 1.108 (66,1%) se registró la SpCO con pulsicooxímetro, siendo SpCO > 10% en 358 (32,3%). De los 11 IC, cinco no alcanzaron el estándar recomendado. El análisis multivariante mostró un menor uso del pulsicooxímetro cuando había asociación con otro tóxico, OR 0,34 (IC 95% 0,11-1,00) y cuando la primera asistencia era realizada por SVA médico, OR 0,43 (IC 95% 0,31-0,59). Hubo mayor uso del pulsicooxímetro ante la presencia de antecedentes psiquiátricos OR 3,01 (IC 95% 1,27-7,17), la cefalea OR 2,13 (IC 95% 1,22-3,72) y el uso de oxigenoterapia OR 10,33 (5,46-19,53). Conclusión. En la asistencia prehospitalaria de los episodios de exposición al CO existe una falta de cumplimiento de algunos IC. Hay variables relacionadas con la infrautilización del pulsicooxímetro, con puntos de mejora


Objective. To describe health care quality indicators in cases of carbon monoxide (CO) exposure attended by prehospital services and to explore factors associated with the use of pulse CO-oximetry (SpCO) for the noninvasive estimation of CO saturation of arterial blood. Method. Cohort study of patients exposed to CO and transported by advanced life support units of the Emergency Medical Services of Catalonia between January 2015 and December 2017. We selected 11 applicable quality indicators and used multivariate analysis to explore factors associated with the recording of SpCO. Results. We studied 1676 cases of CO exposure. SpCO was recorded in 1108 cases (66.1%). CO saturation exceeded 10% in 358 patients (32.3%). Adherence was deficient in 5 of the 11 applicable quality indicators. Multivariate analysis showed less use of pulse CO-oximetry when another toxic exposure was present (odds ratio [OR], 0.34; 95% CI, 0.11-1.00) and when the first responder was from the advanced life support service (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.31-0.59). SpCO was used more in the presence of a history of mental health problems (OR, 3.01; 95% CI,1.27-7.17), headache (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.2-3.72), and along with use of oxygen therapy (OR, 10.33; 95% CI, 5.46-19.53). Conclusion. Prehospital attendance of episodes of CO exposure is marked by failure to comply with some health care quality indicators. We detected factors associated with under use of SpCO as well as areas to target for improvement


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/métodos , Assistência Pré-Hospitalar/organização & administração , Intoxicação por Monóxido de Carbono/diagnóstico , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde/organização & administração , Assistência Pré-Hospitalar/normas , Melhoria de Qualidade/organização & administração , Exposição Ambiental , Estudos Transversais , Estudos de Coortes , Razão de Chances
11.
Rev. Rol enferm ; 41(2): 102-110, feb. 2018. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-170947

RESUMO

Los productos químicos, ya sea en el ámbito doméstico, agrícola o industrial, pueden tener como órgano diana de su acción tóxica la piel y las mucosas, y producir desde una irritación a una quemadura, o utilizar estas vías para la absorción y la generación de toxicidad sistémica. La descontaminación precoz de piel y mucosas es fundamental para evitar la absorción del tóxico y así reducir o evitar lesiones locales y secuelas generales que pueden ser graves o incluso mortales. Para ello es necesario disponer de un área de descontaminación química, conocer las técnicas y métodos principales de descontaminación y disponer de protocolos de actuación (AU)


Chemicals, whether domestic, agricultural or industrial, may have a toxic effect on the skin and mucous membranes, with consequences ranging from irritation to burns, or even to systemic toxicity after absorption. Early decontamination of skin and mucous membranes is essential to prevent absorption of the toxicant and reduce or avoid local injury and general sequels that can be serious or even fatal. It is therefore necessary to have a chemical decontamination area, to be aware of the main decontamination techniques and methods and to have action protocols (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Compostos Químicos/efeitos adversos , Distúrbios Induzidos Quimicamente/enfermagem , Descontaminação/métodos , Queimaduras Químicas/enfermagem , Substâncias Perigosas/efeitos adversos , Substâncias Tóxicas , Equipamento de Proteção Individual , 35435 , Absorção Fisiológica
12.
Rev Enferm ; 33(9): 29-32, 34-7, 2010 Sep.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21090134

RESUMO

During a two month period, the authors gathered data from patients who visited an emergency ward due to acute intoxication by a household product, and they compared the care which those patients required with the other patients suffering from different intoxications. The variables were introduced and analyzed using a SPSS 75.0 statistics package. The emergency ward registered 281 intoxication incidents of which 22 or 8.7% were related to household products. Among the conclusions drawn from this study the authors emphasize that the majority of patients intoxicated by household products were women. Caustic products are involved in the greatest number of incidences, either accidentally swallowed, splashed into eyes or inhaled as gas. The amount of treatment those patients require is less than the treatment required for other intoxications. Their prognostic is good.


Assuntos
Acidentes Domésticos , Produtos Domésticos/envenenamento , Acidentes Domésticos/prevenção & controle , Acidentes Domésticos/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Intoxicação/diagnóstico , Intoxicação/epidemiologia , Intoxicação/terapia , Adulto Jovem
13.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 20(5): 273-279, sept.-oct. 2010. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-87565

RESUMO

Objetivo. Determinar las posibles diferencias entre hombres y mujeres en la forma de presentación clínica, en la actitud terapéutica y en la evolución de las intoxicaciones agudas tratadas con carbón activado. Método. Estudio descriptivo realizado en el Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital Clínic de Barcelona durante los años 2001 y 2008. Se incluyeron pacientes intoxicados que habían recibido carbón activado. Se incluyeron variables epidemiológicas, de presentación clínica, toxicológicas, de abordaje terapéutico, tiempos asistenciales y evolución. Resultados. Se han incluido 575 pacientes. La media de edad fue de 37,8 (DE 14,8) años y el 65,7% fueron mujeres. No se han observado diferencias entre hombres y mujeres respecto a la edad, número de principios activos implicados en la intoxicación o número de pastillas ingeridas, pero se observó una mayor prevalencia de intoxicación benzodiacepínica en las mujeres respecto a los hombres (69,8 frente a 61,2%; p<0,05). El etanol como acompañante de la intoxicación medicamentosa fue más frecuente en hombres que en mujeres (32,4 frente a 18,8%; p<0,001). El uso del carbón en las intoxicaciones no medicamentosas fue también más frecuente en hombres que en mujeres (7,9 frente a 3,2%; p<0,05). No hubo diferencias entre sexos respecto a las manifestaciones clínicas de la intoxicación, los tiempos de demora asistencial, las horas de estancia, el tratamiento y la evolución. Conclusiones. La intoxicación por benzodiacepinas fue más prevalente en mujeres que en hombres. Las intoxicaciones no-medicamentosas y la toma de bebidas alcohólicas con la ingesta medicamentosa fueron más frecuentes en hombres. Las repercusiones clínicas de estas intoxicaciones, la demora asistencial, las necesidades terapéuticas y de ingreso fueron iguales en ambos sexos (AU)


Objective. To determine whether there are gender-based differences in the clinical presentation, therapeutic approaches and outcomes in acute poisoning treated with activated charcoal. Method. A descriptive study conducted in the Emergency Department of the Hospital Clínic de Barcelona over the 7 years between the years 2001 and 2008. The study included poisoned patients who had received activated charcoal. The variables included, epidemiological data, clinical and toxicological presentation, therapeutic approach, time in emergency department and outcomes. Results. A total of 575 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 37.8 (SD 14.8) years and 65.7% were females. No differences were observed between males and females with respect to age, number of drugs involved in the poisoning or the number of tablets ingested, but a higher prevalence of benzodiazepine poisoning was observed in females compared to males (69.8 vs. 61.2%; P<0.05). Alcohol combined with drug poisoning was more common in males than in females (32.4 vs.18.8%; P<0.001). Administration of activated charcoal in non-drug poisoning was also more common in males than in females (7.9 vs. 3.2%; P<0.05). There were no differences between genders as regards clinical presentation of the poisonings, delays in care, hours of emergency department stay, treatment or outcome. Conclusions. Benzodiazepine poisoning was more prevalent in females than in males. Non-drug poisonings and alcohol combined with drug ingestion were more common in males. The clinical outcomes of the poisonings, delays in care, therapeutic requirements and admissions were similar between genders (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Carvão Vegetal/uso terapêutico , Intoxicação/diagnóstico , Intoxicação/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Aguda , Fatores Sexuais
14.
Enferm Clin ; 20(5): 273-9, 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20826105

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there are gender-based differences in the clinical presentation, therapeutic approaches and outcomes in acute poisoning treated with activated charcoal. METHOD: A descriptive study conducted in the Emergency Department of the Hospital Clínic de Barcelona over the 7 years between the years 2001 and 2008. The study included poisoned patients who had received activated charcoal. The variables included, epidemiological data, clinical and toxicological presentation, therapeutic approach, time in emergency department and outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 575 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 37.8 (SD 14.8) years and 65.7% were females. No differences were observed between males and females with respect to age, number of drugs involved in the poisoning or the number of tablets ingested, but a higher prevalence of benzodiazepine poisoning was observed in females compared to males (69.8 vs. 61.2%; P<0.05). Alcohol combined with drug poisoning was more common in males than in females (32.4 vs.18.8%; P<0.001). Administration of activated charcoal in non-drug poisoning was also more common in males than in females (7.9 vs. 3.2%; P<0.05). There were no differences between genders as regards clinical presentation of the poisonings, delays in care, hours of emergency department stay, treatment or outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Benzodiazepine poisoning was more prevalent in females than in males. Non-drug poisonings and alcohol combined with drug ingestion were more common in males. The clinical outcomes of the poisonings, delays in care, therapeutic requirements and admissions were similar between genders.


Assuntos
Carvão Vegetal/uso terapêutico , Intoxicação/diagnóstico , Intoxicação/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Aguda , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores Sexuais
15.
Rev. Rol enferm ; 33(9): 589-597, sept. 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-81781

RESUMO

Durante dos meses se recogieron datos de los pacientes que acudieron por una intoxicación aguda con productos domésticos, comparando los cuidados que precisaban con el resto de intoxicados. Las variables se introdujeron y analizaron a través del paquete estadístico SPSS 15.0. Se atendieron 281 intoxicados, de los cuales 22 (7,8%) habían tomado productos. Como conclusiones destacan que los pacientes intoxicados con productos domésticos son predominantemente mujeres. Están implicados con mayor frecuencia los productos cáusticos ingeridos de forma accidental, los que han salpicado los ojos y los gases irritantes inhalados. La cantidad de cuidados que precisan resulta inferior a los de otro tipo de intoxicaciones. El pronóstico es bueno(AU)


During a two month period, the authors gathered data from patients who visited an emergency ward due to acute intoxication by a household product, and they compared the care which those patients required with the other patients suffering from different intoxications. The variables were introduced and analyzed using a SPSS 15.0 statistics package. The emergency ward registered 281 intoxication incidents of which 22 or 8.7% were related to household products. Among the conclusions drawn from this study, the authors emphasize that the majority of patients intoxicated by household products were women. Caustic products are involved in the greatest number of incidences, either accidentally swallowed, splashed into eyes or inhaled as gas. The amount of treatment those patients require is less than the treatment required for other intoxications. Their prognostic is good(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Acidentes Domésticos/prevenção & controle , Acidentes Domésticos/tendências , Assistência Domiciliar/métodos , Educação em Saúde/métodos , Assistência Domiciliar/normas , Assistência Domiciliar/tendências , Assistência Domiciliar , Educação em Saúde/normas , Educação em Saúde/tendências , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sinais e Sintomas , Cáusticos/efeitos adversos , Cáusticos/toxicidade , Monóxido de Carbono/toxicidade
17.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 20(5): 299-307, sept.-oct. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-67474

RESUMO

Objetivo: Conocer la producción científica española de la enfermería de urgencias en cuanto a número y temas investigados, saber las instituciones, provincias y comunidades autónomas donde más se promueve la investigación enfermera y las revistas donde se publican estos trabajos. Método: Búsqueda de documentos en la base de datos CUIDEN de la Fundación Index, durante los años 2000 al 2005, utilizando como palabra clave “Urgencias”. Posteriormente se analizó la presencia de estos documentos en otra base de datos (Pub Med) y la repercusión científica internacional a través del ISI Web of knowledge. Resultados: Se han hallado 124 documentos originales hechos en España. En el 35,7%de los trabajos colaboraron profesionales de 2 o más instituciones y en el 55,3% de los casos participaban 4 o más investigadores. El primer autor pertenecía a un hospital enel 67,2% de los trabajos y a una universidad en el 12,3%. La comunidad autónoma donde se produjo más fue Andalucía (31 documentos) y las provincias líderes fueronMadrid y Barcelona, con 14 trabajos cada una. Los temas tratados con mayor frecuencia fueron la calidad (16,1%) y el análisis de las causas por las que se utilizó el servicio de urgencias (8,1%). Toda la producción científica fue publicada en 34 revistas diferentes, siendo Ciber-Revista la más utilizada (20,2%). Dieciocho de estos documentos(14,5%) estaban también indexados en el Pub Med y 3 de ellos (2,4%) se habían publicado en revistas con factor de impacto. Conclusiones: La enfermería española de urgencias investiga, pero su producción científicaes escasa. Además, los documentos tienen poca repercusión científica internacional, debido a que la mayoría de las revistas que los publican no están indexadas en la base de datos de mayor difusión (AU)


Objective: To ascertain the scientific output of Spanish emergency department nurses with respect to numbers of articles and subjects studied, and according to the institutions, provinces and autonomous communities where research is most promoted and the journals in which it is being published. Method: A document search was carried out using the CUIDEN database of the Index Foundation and using emergency department as the key word. The years 2000 through 2005 were included in the search. Subsequently, the presence of these documents in the databases accessed through PubMed was checked and their international scientific impact was assessed using the ISI Web of Knowledge. Results: A total of 124 Spanish original research articles were found. Staff from 2 or more instititutions collaborated in35.7% of the articles. Four or more investigators participated in 55.3% of the articles. The first author came from a hospital in 67.2% of the studies and a university in 12.3%. The most productive Spanish autonomous community was Andalusia (31 documents) and the leading Spanish provinces were Madrid and Barcelona, with 14 studies each. The most frequent subjects were quality (16.1%) and analysis of the reasons for using the emergency department (8.1%).The 124 articles were published in 34 journals, with Ciber-Revista (20.2%) being the one chosen most often. Eighteen of the documents (14.5%) were also located by PubMed and 3 (2.4%) were published in journals with an impact factor. Conclusions: Spanish emergency department nursing staff carry out research, but their scientific production is low. In addition, the international scientific impact of the publications is scarce, as most of the journals in which they are published are not indexed in the most widely accessed databases (AU)


Assuntos
Enfermagem em Emergência/história , Enfermagem em Emergência/métodos , Pesquisa em Enfermagem/métodos , Bases de Dados como Assunto/estatística & dados numéricos , Bases de Dados como Assunto/tendências , Enfermagem em Emergência/organização & administração , Enfermagem em Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Enfermagem em Emergência/tendências , Pesquisa em Enfermagem/história , Pesquisa em Enfermagem/organização & administração , Pesquisa em Enfermagem/tendências , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos Transversais , Sinais e Sintomas
18.
Enferm Clin ; 17(5): 231-8, 2007.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17961464

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To identify differences between types of intoxications, determine the needs of intoxicated patients, measure the number of interventions carried out and verify the quality of the healthcare process. METHOD: Data were collected from the charts of all intoxicated patients seen by the Emergency Department during a 2-month period. Techniques, procedures and treatments were analyzed. Quality of care was evaluated using 10 indicators. The results, expressed as percentages or means (standard deviation), were compared with quality standards. The chi2 test or Fisher's exact test were used to compare qualitative variables and Student's t-test was used to compare quantitative variables. Statistical significance was established as p < 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 281 intoxicated patients were attended. The mean age was 35.74 (14) years and 50.7% were women. The main causes of poisoning were ethyl alcohol (37.4%), other substances of abuse (21.7%) and medication (30.2%). Nursing techniques were carried out in 74.8% of the patients and 47.5% received some form of treatment. Of the 10 quality indicators, only three reached the established standards. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of interventions carried out according to the type of intoxication, although differences were found in the frequency of administration of different techniques or treatments according to the type of poison. None of the patients died. CONCLUSIONS: Intoxications due to alcohol, medication and drugs of abuse require the same amount of medical care and their clinical outcome is similar. The care of intoxicated patients could be improved.


Assuntos
Tratamento de Emergência , Intoxicação/terapia , Estudos Transversais , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Intoxicação/etiologia
19.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 17(5): 231-238, sept. 2007. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-057042

RESUMO

Objetivo. Identificar las diferencias entre los distintos tipos de intoxicaciones; conocer las necesidades que precisa el paciente intoxicado; medir la cantidad de intervenciones que se le realizan, y verificar la calidad del proceso asistencial. Método. Durante 2 meses se recogieron datos del informe asistencial de los pacientes intoxicados que acudieron a urgencias. Se analizaron las técnicas, procedimientos y tratamientos aplicados. Para evaluar la calidad asistencial se utilizaron 10 indicadores. Los resultados se expresan en porcentaje o media (desviación estándar) y se comparan con unos estándares de calidad. Se ha utilizado la X2 o test de Fisher para comparar las variables cualitativas y la t de Student para las cuantitativas, y se tomó como significación estadística una p < 0,05. Resultados. Se atendieron 281 intoxicados. La edad media fue de 35,74 (14) años y el 50,7% fueron mujeres. Los principales tóxicos causantes de las intoxicaciones fueron el alcohol etílico (37,4%), otras drogas de abuso (21,7%) y los medicamentos (30,2%). Se realizaron técnicas de enfermería en el 74,8% de los intoxicados y al 47,5% se les administró algún tipo de tratamiento. De los 10 indicadores de calidad, sólo en 3 se alcanzaron los estándares establecidos. Con relación al tipo de intoxicación, no se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el número total de intervenciones realizadas, pero hubo diferencias en las frecuencias de aplicación de las técnicas y tratamientos según el tipo de tóxico. No se registró ningún fallecimiento. Conclusiones. Las intoxicaciones por alcohol etílico, drogas de abuso y medicamentos necesitan la misma cantidad de cuidados, y su evolución clínica es similar. La calidad asistencial del intoxicado puede mejorarse


Objective. To identify differences between types of intoxications, determine the needs of intoxicated patients, measure the number of interventions carried out and verify the quality of the healthcare process. Method. Data were collected from the charts of all intoxicated patients seen by the Emergency Department during a 2-month period. Techniques, procedures and treatments were analyzed. Quality of care was evaluated using 10 indicators. The results, expressed as percentages or means (standard deviation), were compared with quality standards. The X2 test or Fisher’s exact test were used to compare qualitative variables and Student’s t-test was used to compare quantitative variables. Statistical significance was established as p < 0.05. Results. A total of 281 intoxicated patients were attended. The mean age was 35.74 (14) years and 50.7% were women. The main causes of poisoning were ethyl alcohol (37.4%), other substances of abuse (21.7%) and medication (30.2%). Nursing techniques were carried out in 74.8% of the patients and 47.5% received some form of treatment. Of the 10 quality indicators, only three reached the established standards. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of interventions carried out according to the type of intoxication, although differences were found in the frequency of administration of different techniques or treatments according to the type of poison. None of the patients died. Conclusions. Intoxications due to alcohol, medication and drugs of abuse require the same amount of medical care and their clinical outcome is similar. The care of intoxicated patients could be improved


Assuntos
Humanos , Intoxicação/epidemiologia , Processo de Enfermagem/organização & administração , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Enfermagem em Emergência/métodos , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos
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